Comparing recent passing koschei build <https://apps.fedoraproject.org/koschei/package/perl-Algorithm-CurveFit/671405> and the failed scratch build <http://koji.fedoraproject.org/koji/taskinfo?taskID=10349864> does not divulge any significant difference in the build root:

Removed packages:
        libasan-5.1.1-4.fc23
        libatomic-5.1.1-4.fc23
        libcilkrts-5.1.1-4.fc23
        libmpx-5.1.1-4.fc23
        libubsan-5.1.1-4.fc23
Added packages:

I can reproduce the bug locally and installing the five packages does fix it.

The difference is architecture: i686 passed, x86_64 failed.

This bug appears to have been reported against 'rawhide' during the Fedora 23 development cycle.
Changing version to '23'.

(As we did not run this process for some time, it could affect also pre-Fedora 23 development
cycle bugs. We are very sorry. It will help us with cleanup during Fedora 23 End Of Life. Thank you.)

More information and reason for this action is here:
https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/BugZappers/HouseKeeping/Fedora23

If I only relink perl from the the same build directory as the affected comes from with old ldflags:

$ gcc -o perl -fstack-protector-strong -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,--enable-new-dtags perlmain.o  libperl.so `cat ext.libs` -lpthread -lresolv -lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lc

And use the the perl to run the t/02bad_deriv.t, it passes. If I relink the perl with the hardened ldflags:

$ gcc -o perl -Wl,-z,relro -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld -fstack-protector-strong -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Wl,-z,relro -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld perlmain.o  libperl.so `cat ext.libs` -lpthread -lresolv -lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lc

the test fails.

Also the test passes with the hardened perl when running under valgrind.

The minimal broken flags are:

$ gcc -o perl -pie  perlmain.o  libperl.so `cat ext.libs` -lpthread -lresolv -lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lc

Removing the "-pie" option helps.

This message is a reminder that Fedora 23 is nearing its end of life.
Approximately 4 (four) weeks from now Fedora will stop maintaining
and issuing updates for Fedora 23. It is Fedora's policy to close all
bug reports from releases that are no longer maintained. At that time
this bug will be closed as EOL if it remains open with a Fedora  'version'
of '23'.

Package Maintainer: If you wish for this bug to remain open because you
plan to fix it in a currently maintained version, simply change the 'version' 
to a later Fedora version.

Thank you for reporting this issue and we are sorry that we were not 
able to fix it before Fedora 23 is end of life. If you would still like 
to see this bug fixed and are able to reproduce it against a later version 
of Fedora, you are encouraged  change the 'version' to a later Fedora 
version prior this bug is closed as described in the policy above.

Although we aim to fix as many bugs as possible during every release's 
lifetime, sometimes those efforts are overtaken by events. Often a 
more recent Fedora release includes newer upstream software that fixes 
bugs or makes them obsolete.

We have a similar bug on non-hardened ppc64le (bug #1393834). It looks like a floating point arithmetic issue.

This message is a reminder that Fedora 24 is nearing its end of life.
Approximately 2 (two) weeks from now Fedora will stop maintaining
and issuing updates for Fedora 24. It is Fedora's policy to close all
bug reports from releases that are no longer maintained. At that time
this bug will be closed as EOL if it remains open with a Fedora  'version'
of '24'.

Package Maintainer: If you wish for this bug to remain open because you
plan to fix it in a currently maintained version, simply change the 'version'
to a later Fedora version.

Thank you for reporting this issue and we are sorry that we were not
able to fix it before Fedora 24 is end of life. If you would still like
to see this bug fixed and are able to reproduce it against a later version
of Fedora, you are encouraged  change the 'version' to a later Fedora
version prior this bug is closed as described in the policy above.

Although we aim to fix as many bugs as possible during every release's
lifetime, sometimes those efforts are overtaken by events. Often a
more recent Fedora release includes newer upstream software that fixes
bugs or makes them obsolete.

I recommend removing this package from Fedora. Upstream has not responded to bug reports for years and did not do any new release. This package seems be not required by any other package in Fedora.

This bug appears to have been reported against 'rawhide' during the Fedora 27 development cycle.
Changing version to '27'.

The package was retired in rawhide and Fedora 27.